I think this is not accurate, because it depends a lot on the programming area we are talking about. Actually I would say that math is the main tool in almost all the areas, saving exceptions. As you mentioned, it is a key role for advanced systems like machine learning, but when we are designing any backend system, math becomes important really fast if we want to ensure scalability and performance.

Also, math is the most important key for all the low (and even mid) level programming languages. So I would say that one of the rare cases we may we don't see math on our daily basis is on the frontend (or when you are dealing with a non compiled style code in general), but only when there is no need to create animations for example or something more logical. Believe me, you as soon your target move from "making a functional script" to "making production ready script" math becomes the most important tool.